Punjab), Indian spiritual teacher who was the first Guru of Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that combines Hindu and Muslim influences. His teachings, expressed through devotional hymns, many of which still survive, stressed salvation from rebirth through meditation on the divine name. Among modern Sikhs he enjoys a particular affection as their founder and as the supreme master of Punjabi devotional hymnody.
Punjabi literature
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Punjabi literature, body of writing in the Punjabi language. Punjabi developed a written literature later than most of the other regional languages of the Indian subcontinent, and some writings from its early centuries, such as those of the first Sikh Guru, Nanak (1469–1539), are in Old Hindi rather than true Punjabi.
Literary works:-
Guru Nanak Guru Gobind Singh Bhai Vir Singh
Related Topics: literature Punjabi language Indian literature
The first work identifiable as Punjabi is the Janam-sakhi, a 16th-century biography of Guru Nanak written by his lifelong companion Bhai Bala. In 1604 Arjan, the fifth Guru of the Sikhs, collected the poems of Gurus Nanak, Angad, Amar Das, Ram Das, and others into the most-famous book to originate in the Punjab (though its language is not entirely Punjabi), the Adi Granth (“First Book”). Between 1616 and 1666 a writer named Abdullah composed a major work called Bara Anva (“Twelve Topics”), which is a treatise on Islam in 9,000 couplets. Sufi Muslims such as Bulleh Shah (died 1758) also contributed many devotional lyrics, and Sufi Islam can be said to have been the main stimulus to Punjabi literature in the medieval period. Other important Sufi poets are Sheikh (Shaikh) Farid Shakarganj (1175–1266), Shah Hussain (1538–1600), Sultan Bahu (1629–90), Shah Sharaf (1659–1725), and Ali Haidar (1690–1785).
2
Sultan Bahu (Punjabi: سُلطان باہُو; also spelled Bahoo;17 January 1630 – 1 March 1691), was a 17th-century Punjabi Sufi mystic, poet, scholar and historian.He was active in the Punjab region (present-day Pakistan) during the reigns of Mughal emperors Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb.
Literary works
The exact number of books written by Sultan Bahu is not known, but it is assumed to be at least one hundred. Forty of them are on Sufism and Islamic mysticism. Most of his writings are in the Persian language except Abyat-e-Bahu which is in Punjabi verse.
Only the following books written by Sultan Bahu can be found today:
Abyat e Bahu
Risala e Ruhi
Sultan ul Waham
Nur ul Huda
Aql e Baidar
Mahq ul Faqr
Aurang e Shahi
Jami ul Israr
Taufiq e Hidiyat
Kalid Tauheed
Ain ul Faqr[10]
Israr e Qadri[10]
Kaleed e Jannat
Muhqam ul Faqr ( etc)
Syed Abdullah Shah Qadri[2] (Punjabi: سید عبداللہ شاہ قادری (Shahmukhi); ਸੱਈਦ ਅਬਦੁੱਲਾਹ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਕ਼ਾਦਰੀ (Gurmukhi); 1680–1757), known popularly as Bulleh Shah (Punjabi: بُلّھے شاہ (Shahmukhi);
ਬੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ ਸ਼ਾਹ (Gurmukhi)) and Bulleya, was a Punjabi philosopher and Sufi poet during 17th-century Punjab. His ancestors had migrated from Bukhara (modern-day Uzbekistan) in the 14th/15th century AD. His first spiritual teacher was
Shah Inayat Qadiri, a Sufi murshid of Lahore. He was a mystic poet and is universally regarded as "The Father of Punjabi Enlightenment". He lived and was buried in Kasur.
Waris Shah (Punjabi: وارث شاہ (Shahmukhi); ਵਾਰਿਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ (Gurmukhi); 1722–1798) was a Punjabi Sufi poet of the Chishti order, known for his contribution to Punjabi literature. He is primarily known as the author of Heer Ranjha.
ਵਾਰਿਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ (੧੭੨੨-੧੭੯੮) ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ਸੱਯਦ ਗੁਲਸ਼ੇਰ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਦੇ ਘਰ ਲਾਹੌਰ ਤੋਂ ਕਰੀਬ ੫੦ ਕਿਲੋਮੀਟਰ ਦੂਰ ਸ਼ੇਖੂਪੁਰਾ ਜਿਲ੍ਹੇ ਦੇ ਪਿੰਡ ਜੰਡਿਆਲਾ ਸ਼ੇਰ ਖ਼ਾਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੋਇਆ । ਬਚਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਰਿਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨੂੰ ਪਿੰਡ ਦੀ ਹੀ ਮਸਜਿਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਲਈ ਭੇਜਿਆ ਗਿਆ । ਉਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ-ਏ-ਨਜਾਮੀ ਦੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਕਸੂਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੌਲਵੀ ਗ਼ੁਲਾਮ ਮੁਰਤਜਾ ਕਸੂਰੀ ਕੋਲੋਂ ਹਾਸਲ ਕੀਤੀ। ਉੱਥੋਂ ਫਾਰਸੀ ਅਤੇ ਅਰਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਦਿਆ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਕੇ ਉਹ ਪਾਕਪਟਨ ਚਲੇ ਗਏ । ਪਾਕਪਟਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਾਬਾ ਫ਼ਰੀਦ ਦੀ ਗੱਦੀ ਉੱਤੇ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗਂ ਕੋਲੋਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਤਮਕ ਗਿਆਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀ ਹੋਈ, ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਬਾਅਦ ਉਹ ਰਾਣੀ ਹਾਂਸ ਦੀ ਮਸਜਿਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਮਾਮ ਰਹੇ ਅਤੇ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਵਿਦਿਆ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਰ ਕਰਦੇ ਰਹੇ । ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਦੇ ਸਿਰਮੌਰ ਕਵੀਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ । ਉਹ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਕਿੱਸੇ ਹੀਰ ਰਾਂਝਾ ਲਈ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹਨ।
ਹੀਰ ਰਾਂਝਾ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਕੁਝ ਸਤਰਾਂ
"ਤੁਸਾਂ ਛੱਤਰੇ ਮਰਦ ਬਣਾ ਦਿੱਤੇ, ਸੱਪ ਰੱਸੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਕਰੋ ਡਾਰੀਉ ਨੀ ।
ਰਾਜੇ ਭੋਜ ਦੇ ਮੂੰਹ ਲਗਾਮ ਦੇ ਕੇ, ਚੜ੍ਹ ਦੌੜੀਆਂ ਹੋ ਟੂਣੇ ਹਾਰੀਉ ਨੀ ।
ਕੈਰੋ ਪਾਂਡਵਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਫ਼ਾ ਗਾਲ ਸੁੱਟੀ, ਜ਼ਰਾ ਗੱਲ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਬੁਰਿਆਰਿਉ ਨੀ ।
ਰਾਵਣ ਲੰਕ ਲੁਟਾਇਕੇ ਗ਼ਰਕ ਹੋਇਆ, ਕਾਰਨ ਤੁਸਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੀ ਹੈਂਸਿਆਰੀਉ ਨੀ ।"
"ਹੀਰ ਆਖਦੀ ਜੋਗੀਆ ਝੂਠ ਆਖੇਂ, ਕੌਣ ਰੁੱਠੜੇ ਯਾਰ ਮਿਲਾਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਏਹਾ ਕੋਈ ਨਾ ਮਿਲਿਆ ਮੈਂ ਢੂੰਡ ਥੱਕੀ, ਜਿਹੜਾ ਗਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਮੋੜ ਲਿਆਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਸਾਡੇ ਚੰਮ ਦੀਆਂ ਜੁੱਤੀਆਂ ਕਰੇ ਕੋਈ, ਜਿਹੜਾ ਜੀਊ ਦਾ ਰੋਗ ਗਵਾਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਭਲਾ ਦੱਸ ਖਾਂ ਚਿਰੀਂ ਵਿਛੁੰਨਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ, ਕਦੋਂ ਰੱਬ ਸੱਚਾ ਘਰੀਂ ਲਿਆਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਭਲਾ ਮੋਏ ਤੇ ਵਿਛੜੇ ਕੌਣ ਮੇਲੇ, ਐਵੇਂ ਜੀਊੜਾ ਲੋਕ ਵਲਾਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਇੱਕ ਬਾਜ਼ ਥੋਂ ਕਾਉਂ ਨੇ ਕੂੰਜ ਖੋਹੀ, ਵੇਖਾਂ ਚੁੱਪ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੁਰਲਾਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਇਕ ਜੱਟ ਦੇ ਖੇਤ ਨੂੰ ਅੱਗ ਲੱਗੀ, ਵੇਖਾਂ ਆਣ ਕੇ ਕਦੋਂ ਬੁਝਾਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।
ਦਿਆਂ ਚੂਰੀਆਂ ਘਿਉ ਦੇ ਬਾਲ ਦੀਵੇ, ਵਾਰਿਸ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਜੇ ਸੁਣਾਂ ਮੈਂ ਆਂਵਦਾ ਈ ।"
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਅਣਖ ਦਾ ਕਵਿ
Shah Mohammad (Punjabi: شاہ محمّد (Shahmukhi); ਸ਼ਾਹ ਮੁਹੰਮਦ (Gurmukhi); 1780–1862), was a Punjabi poet who lived during the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 – 1839) and is best known for his book Jangnama (Book of War) written around 1846, which depicts the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845 – 1846) that took place after the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in 1839.
Nanak Singh, (b. 4 July 1897 as Hans Raj – 28 December 1971), was an Indian poet, songwriter, and novelist of the Punjabi language. His literary works in support of India's independence movement led the British to arrest him. He published novels that won him literary acclaim.
In 1945 he wrote his popular novel "Saintly Sinner (Pavitra Paapi)". Good Reads., which won him acclaim. It was translated into Hindi and other Indian languages, and into English by his grandson Navdeep Singh Suri.[2] In 1968 the book was adapted into the successful motion picture, (Pavitra Paapi), by his admirer Balraj Sahani an Nanak Singh wrote dialogue and screenplay for Dara Singh he's Punjabi movie Nanak Dukhiya Sub Sansar.
Quoting the Tribune, "Nanak Singh was the best selling novelist in India for thirty to forty years. He wrote over 50 books including novels and collection of short stories.
Gurdial Singh Rahi (Gurdi'āl Sigh; ( born10 January 1933 – 16 August 2016) was an Indian writer and novelist who wrote in Punjabi. He started his literary career in 1957 with a short story, "Bhaganwale."He became known as a novelist when he published the novel Marhi Da Deeva -( ਮੜੀ ਦਾ ਦੀਵਾ )in 1964. The novel was later adapted into the Punjabi film Marhi Da Deeva in 1989, directed by Surinder Singh. His novel Anhe Ghore Da Daan was also made into a film of the same name in 2011 by director Gurvinder Singh. Singh was honoured with the Padma Shri in 1998 and Jnanpith Award in 1999.
Dalip Kaur Tiwana ( 4 May 1935 – 31 January 2020) was a one of the foremost novelists and short-story writers of contemporary Punjabi literature. She won awards, both regional and national, and was a widely translated author. She retired as Professor of Punjabi, and Dean, from Punjabi University, Patiala. She is widely credited as a tour-de-force in the creation of the contemporary literature in the Punjabi language.
Novels
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Agni Prikhya
Eho Hamara Jiwna
Waat Hamari
Teeli da Nishaan
Sooraj te Samandar
Doosri Seeta
Within Without
Sarkandyaan de Des
Dhupp Chhaan te Rukh
Sabh Des Paraya
Hey Ram
Lambi Udaari
Peele Pattyaan di daastan
Hastaakhar
Pairchaal
Rin Pittraan da
Air Wair Mildayaan
Langh gaye dariya
Jimi Puchhay Asmaan
Katha Kuknoos Di
Duni Suhava Baagh
Katha Kaho Urvashi
Bhaujal
Oh taan pari si
Moh maaya
Janam Juye Haarya
Khada Pukare Pattani
Paunaan di jind meri
Khitij ton paar
Teen lok se nyari
Tumri katha kahi na jaye
Vichre Sabho Vaari Vaari
Takhat Hazara Door Kude
Stories
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Merian saariyaan kahaniyaan
Kise da Munda
Saadhna
Yaatra Na Kro Corona hega
Ik kudi
Tera Kamra mera kamra
Panjaan Vich pPrmeshar
Fullan Dian Kahaniyaan
Panchhiyaan Dian Kahaniyaan
Baabaniyaan Kahaniyaan
Putt Saputt Karen
Paidaan
Kaale Likh Na Lekh
Athhe Pehar
Rab Te Ruttan
Autobiography
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Nange Pairaan da safar
Poochte ho to suno
Turdyaan Turdyaan
Essays
Tere mere sarokaar
Jeeun joge[4]
English Translations
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Such is her fate (Punjabi University)
A journey on bare feet (Orient Longman)
Twilight+Mark of the nosepin (NBT, Delhi)
Gone are the rivers (Macmillan)
The tale of the phoenix (Unistar, Chandigarh)
Who am I (Diamond Pocket Books, Delhi)
Tell the tale Urvashi (Orient Blackswan).
Who Am I?
Shiv Kumar Batalvi born 23 July 1936- 6 May 1973 was an Indian poet, writer and playwright of the Punjabi language. He was most known for his romantic poetry, noted for its heightened passion, pathos, separation and lover's agony.
He became the youngest recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1967, given by the Sahitya Akademi (India's National Academy of Letters), for his epic verse play based on the ancient legend of Puran Bhagat, Loona (1965),now considered a masterpiece in modern Punjabi literature,and which also created a new genre, of modern Punjabi kissa.[8] Today, his poetry stands in equal footing, amongst that by stalwarts of modern Punjabi poetry, like Mohan Singh (poet) and Amrita Pritam, all of whom are popular on both sides of Indo-Pakistan border.
Works
Piran da Paraga (The Scarful of Sorrows) (1960)
Lajwanti (1961)
Aate Diyan Chiriyaan (1962)
Mainu Vida Karo (Bid Me Farewell) (1963)
Dardmandan Diyan Aahin (1964)
Birha Tu Sultan (1964)
Loona (1965)
Main Te Main (I and Me) (1970)
Aarti (Prayer) (1971)
Samuchi kavita
Legacy
One of his anthology, Alvida (Farewell) was published posthumously in 1974, by the Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. 'Shiv Kumar Batalvi Award' for Best Writer, is given each year.
Shiv Kumar Batalvi Auditorium is constructed to commemorate 75th Birth anniversary of the eminent poet of Punjab in Batala. It is situated in Jalandhar Road, Batala. A world-class auditorium to inspire generations to come in Punjab.
Sardar Narinder Singh Kapoor (born 6 March 1944) is an Indian writer from Punjab.[1] His writings are about social, cultural and psychological issues. He lives in Patiala, Punjab.
Kapoor was born in the village of Adhi, in Rawalpindi District (formerly in India, now Pakistan.) His family settled in Patiala, after staying at a number of refugee camps after being misplaced in the division of Punjab.
Collections of essays
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Vyakhya Vishleshan/Tarkved (ISBN 8171429238)
Ahmo Sahmane (ISBN 8171429181)
Ghaat Ghaat da Paani
Buhe Barian (ISBN 8171429203)
Antar Jhaat (ISBN 817142919X)
Sukhan Sunehe (ISBN 8171429246)
Dhoongiaan Sikhraan
Tarakved (ISBN 81-7142-923-8)
Raah -Raaste
Giyani Ditt Singh (Jeevan Te Rachna )
Dar-Darvaaje (ISBN 978-93-5017-207-0)
SAccho-Sach (America Da SAfarnaama )(ISBN 81-7142-921-1)
Punjabi Kavita Vich RAshtri Ekta Di Bhavna
Punjabi Patrkari Da Ithaas
Amrita Pritam in 1948
Amrita Pritam ; 31 August 1919 – 31 October 2005) Gujranwala, Punjab, British India, now in (Pakistan) was an Indian novelist, essayist and poet, who wrote in Punjabi and Hindi.[1] A prominent figure in Punjabi literature, she is the recipient of the 1956 Sahitya Akademi Award. Her body of work comprised over 100 books of poetry, fiction, biographies, essays, a collection of Punjabi folk songs and an autobiography that were all translated into several Indian and foreign languages.
Her most famous work is pinjar.
Balraj Sahni (born Yudhishthir Sahni; 1 May 1913 – 13 April 1973) was an Indian film and stage actor, who is best known for Dharti Ke Lal (1946), Do Bigha Zameen (1953), Chhoti Bahen (1959), Kabuliwala (1961) and Garam Hawa (1973). He was the brother of Bhisham Sahni, noted Hindi writer, playwright, and actor.
Sahni was always interested in acting, and started his acting career with the plays of the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA).[5] Incidentally, his wife Damayanti became well known as an IPTA actress much before Sahni made a name for himself in films.[9] He started his film career in Bombay with the film Insaaf (1946), followed by Dharti Ke Lal directed by KA Abbas in 1946, Damayanti's first film, Door Chalein in 1946, and other films. But it was in 1953, with Bimal Roy's classic Do Bigha Zamin, that his true strength as an actor was first recognised. The film won the international prize at the Cannes Film Festival.
He followed it up with an encore in the 1961 classic Kabuliwala penned by Tagore.
Sahni's wife Damayanti, who was the heroine of his 1947 film Gudia, died at a young age that same year. Two years later, he married his first cousin, Santosh Chandhok, later known as an author and television writer.
He acted opposite heroines such as Padmini, Nutan, Meena Kumari, Vyjayanthimala and Nargis in films such as Bindya, Seema (1955), Sone Ki Chidiya (1958), Sutta Bazaar (1959)
Qadir Yar (1802–1892), born Qadar Baksh, was a Muslim Sandhu Jatt and a poet of the Punjabi language. Born in Gujranwala, he wrote Punjabi Qissa like Qissa Purana Bhagat, Raja Rasal.
Pilu or Peelu is a raga of Hindustani classical music. It is mostly used in light-classical forms, like thumris.
Pash (9 September 1950 – 23 March 1988) was the pen name of Avtar Singh Sandhu,[1] one of the major poets in the Punjabi literature of the 1970s. He was killed by extremists on 23 March 1988.[2] His strongly left-wing views were reflected in his poetry.
- Loh-katha (Iron-Tale) (1970),
- Uddian Bazan Magar (Following The Flying Hawks) (1973),
- Saadey Samiyaan Vich (In Our Times) (1978), and
- Khilre Hoye Varkey (Scattered pages) (1989)
Khilre Hoey Varkey was posthumously published in 1989 after his death, followed by his journals and letters. A selection of his poems in Punjabi, Inkar, was published in Lahore in 1997. His poems have been translated in many languages including other Indian languages, Nepali and English. Poems written by Paarsh are popular in India, especially in Punjab and North India.
Sant Ram Udasi (20 April 1939 – 6 November 1986) was one of the major Punjabi poets emerging out of the Naxalite movement[1] in the Indian Punjab towards the late 1960s, writing about revolutionary and Dalit consciousness. Lok Kavi Sant Ram Udasi Memorial Trust (International) was established as a research foundation focusing on the life and works of Sant Ram Udasi.
Professor Puran Singh (Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰੋ. ਪੂਰਨ ਸਿੰਘ; 17 February 1881 – 31 March 1931) was a Punjabi poet, scientist and mystic. Born in Abbottabad, now in Pakistan, in a Sikh family,[2] he is acclaimed as one of the founders of modern Punjabi poetry.[3] He passed his matriculation examination at the Mission High School Rawalpindi in 1897 and, after obtaining a scholarship for the years 1900 to 1903, obtained a degree in Industrial Chemistry from Tokyo University in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Though a born Sikh he became a Buddhist Bhikshu and a sanyasi under influence of Ukakura a Japanese Buddhist monk and Swami Ramtirath respectively before he finally got settled as a Sikh mystic when he came under influence of Bhai Vir Singh during a Sikh Educational Conference meeting at Sialkot in 1912.
Puran Singh was a lover of nature and beauty, and wrote beautiful and tender poetry both in English and Punjabi. Aad an example from Khulle Asmani Rang his Punjabi verse is given
ਜਿੱਥੇ ਸੁਹੱਪਣ ਸੋਹਣੀ ਪਰਤ ਹੈ ਵਿਛਦੀ,
ਬਸ ਇਕ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ ਦਿਲ ਖਿੱਚਵਾਂ,
ਇਕ ਰਾਗ ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੱਬ ਰੂਪ
ਰੰਗ ਪਿਘਲ-ਪਿਘਲ ਰੂਪ ਅਨੂਪ
ਹੋਰ-ਹੋਰ ਸੱਜਦਾ,
ਜਿੱਥੇ ਸੁਹੱਪਣ ਆਪਾ ਵਾਰ, ਸਦਕੇ ਹੋ-ਹੋ
ਬਿਹਬਲਤਾ ਅਨੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਉੱਠੀ ਕਦੀ
He composed three volumes of Punjabi poetry: Khule Maidan (‘Free Meadows’) in 1923, Khule Ghund (‘Free Veils’) 1923 and Khule Asmani Rang (‘Boundless Blue Colours of the Sky’) in 1926.[4] His poetry was composed in free verse and explored the experience of villagers, peasants and the poor.[4] Among his famous works in English are The Sisters of the Spinning Wheel (1921), Unstrung Beads (1923), The Spirit of Oriental Poetry (1926); in Punjabi, Khulhe Maidan, Khulhe Ghund (1923), Khulhe Lekh (1929), and Khulhe Asmani Rang ( 1927) . Seven Baskets of Prose Poems.
Among his prose writing published works are The Book of Ten Masters,The Spirit Born People,Swami Rama in English and Khulle Lekh (1929)in Punjabi and Kanya Daan te hor Lekh in Hindi..
Besides what has seen the light of the day, some work of greater magnitude and most likely of a maturer and more comprehensive level of experience still remains unpublished. Of this unpublished work the two most considerable are Spirit of the Sikh, that is of the nature of a voluminous series of moments of spiritual vision growing out of the teachings of Guru Nanak and his holy successors, and Prakasina, a novel, which as the author says in the sub-title, is the story of a Buddhist Princess. Both these came in manuscript form to the Punjabi University, which has a project of salvaging whatever of the creative effort of the genius of the Punjab falls within the scope of its several Departments establishment towards this
Damodar Gulati (Punjabi: ਦਮੋਦਰ ਦਾਸ ਅਰੋੜਾ, دمودر داس اروڑا) also known as Damodar Das Arora (1605-1656), was a Punjabi poet. He hailed from Jhang. He lived during the reign of Mughal king Akbar. He wrote the qissa Heer and Ranjha (ہیر رانجھے دا قصہ), adapted from a legend.[1][2] .He claims to be the eye witness of this tale. His Qissa/story is deemed the oldest and the first Heer in Punjabi literature . He states in the poem that he is from Jhang—the home of Heer, one of the poem's two main characters.[3] He wrote this Heer in the dialect of Sandal Bar , despite this fact after the lapse of five hundred years the language used in the story is nearer to modern Majhai /Majhil dialect. He does have also a peculiar style ,at the end of a quaternary he repeats Aakkh Damodar means Say Damodar ,
آکھ دمودر میں اکھی ڈٹھا لگی ہون لڑائی
Aakkh Damodar mein Akkhi ditha laggi hon Ladai
(Say Damodar I witnessed with my eyes the battle started )
نک تے کن تنہاں دا وڈھیئے جو چوری یاری کریندے
دوجا نک تنہاں دا وڈھیئےجو حق پرایا لیندے
تیجا نک تنہاں دا وڈھیئے جو کوئی وڈھی کھاندے
آکھ دمودر جنہاں سچ سنجھاتے سے بہشتی جاندے
Nak tey kan tinhan da wadhaiy jo chori, yari karaindey
Doja nak tinhan da wadhaiy jo haq pariaya lendey
Teja nak tinhan da wadhaiy jo koi wadhi khandey
Aakkh Damodar jinha sach sanjhatey sey bhashti jandey
(Amputate the ears and nose of those who commit theft and have extra marital affairs,
Second chop off the nose of those who usurp the right of others,
Third hack off the nose of those who accept bribe,
Say Damodar only those will go to paradise who recognize the truth)
Surjit Patar is a Punjabi language writer and poet of Punjab, India. His poems enjoy immense popularity with the general public and have won high acclaim from critics.
Patar hails from village Pattar (Punjabi: ਪੱਤੜ) Kalan in Jalandhar district from where he got his surname.[2] He graduated from Randhir College, Kapurthala and then went on to get a Master's degree from Punjabi University, Patiala and then a PhD in Literature .
Well known poems
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"Candles",[6] "Hanere vich sulagdi Varanmala",Aiya Nand Kishore", "Hanera Jarega Kiven", "Fasla", "Koi Daalia Cho Langeya Hawa Bann Ke" and others.
Filmography
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Surjit Patar has written dialogues of the Punjabi movie Shaheed Uddham Singh and Videsh, the Punjabi version of Deepa Mehta's movie Heaven on Earth.
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